Howto:802.1X EAP-TLS With FreeRadius

From innovaphone wiki
Revision as of 13:26, 7 August 2014 by Inno-mst (talk | contribs) (Added "Hand-crafted Certificates")
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Introduction

From on version 11 innovaphone devices offer support[1] for wired port access authentication by means of 802.1X with EAP-TLS.

This article foccusses on FreeRadius. FreeRadius is an open source RADIUS server suitable to be utilized as an authentication server in terms of 802.1X.

Configuration

For the configuration of innovaphone devices refer to Reference11:Interfaces/ETH/802.1X.

Prerequisites

  • An innovaphone Linux AP, IP address 192.168.178.34
  • A NetGear Prosafe switch, e.g. GS110TP
  • An innovaphone end device. Ideally facilitated with:
    • An innovaphone CA certificate
      • This CA certificate is going to be deployed within a FreeRadius server
    • An innovaphone device certificate, signed by the CA from above

FreeRadius

  • Installation within a debian distribution

sudo apt-get install freeradius

  • Edit /etc/freeradius/eap.conf

eap { .. default_eap_type = tls .. tls { # Trusted Root CA list CA_file = ${cadir}/ca.crt } .. }

  • In order to include the innovaphone CA certificate into the list of trusted CAs
    • Download the innovaphone CA certificate as e.g. inno-ca.pem.crt from the innovaphone device
    • Append that certificate to the list of trusted CAs

cat ca.crt inno-ca.pem.crt > ca.crt

      • I.e. the FreeRadius list of trusted CAs is a single file and must be enhanced by appending a CA certificate to the end of ca.crt.
  • Edit /etc/freeradius/clients.conf
   #IP address range, covering the Authenticator/NetGear switch

client 192.168.0.0/16 { secret = testing123 shortname = private-network-192-168 }

    • secret This is the shared secret encrypting the RADIUS-traffic between FreeRadius and the NetGear switch.
    • shortname Just a nickname

Debugging

As recommended by the FreeRadius manual

  • kill the freeradius daemon
  • run freeradius in debugging mode

freeradius -X

NetGear

  • Security/Management Security/Server Configuration Global Radius Server Configuration
    • The server address is the one of the Linux AP, 192.168.178.34
    • The secret must be the one from above, i.e. testing123
  • Security/Port Authentication/Basic/802.1X Configuration Set Port Based Authentication State to enable
  • Security/Port Authentication/Advanced/Port Authentication For all 802.1X-restricted ports set Port Control to Auto
    • Set non-restricted ports(e.g. for management) to Authorized
Global Radius Server Configuration
Port Based Authentication
Port Control

Hand-crafted Certificates

This section isn't necessary for a successful deployment of 802.1X EAP-TLS with innovaphone devices. It just serves as a memory aid thereby sketching the required steps for a PKI based on an own private CA. The CA will be used in turn to sign a server certificate and one or more client certificates.

Creation Of A Self-Signed CA Certificate

  • Change into FreeRadius' certificates directory

cd /etc/feeradius/certs

  • Generate the CA's pair of public and private key

openssl genrsa -out ca.key 1024

    • Note: For an encrypted ca.key file the -des3 option is required
  • Prepare and generate a certificate signing request for the actual CA certificate
    • Firstly a small configuration file ca.conf needs to be created/edited

[ req ] default_bits = 1024 distinguished_name = req_DN string_mask = nombstr

[ req_DN ] countryName = "1. Country Name (2 letter code)" countryName_default = DE countryName_min = 2 countryName_max = 2 stateOrProvinceName = "2. State or Province Name (full name) " stateOrProvinceName_default = Berlin localityName = "3. Locality Name (eg, city) " localityName_default = Berlin 0.organizationName = "4. Organization Name (eg, company) " 0.organizationName_default = Mustermann organizationalUnitName = "5. Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) " organizationalUnitName_default = Certificate Authority commonName = "6. Common Name (eg, CA name) " commonName_max = 64 commonName_default = Mustermann CA emailAddress = "7. Email Address (eg, name@FQDN)" emailAddress_max = 40 emailAddress_default = ca@mustermann.de

    • Generate the certificate signing request ca.csr

openssl req -config ca.config -new -key ca.key -out ca.csr

  • Generate the CA certificate
    • The certificate will receive a few extensions. Edit/create a new file ca.ext

extensions = x509v3

[ x509v3 ] basicConstraints = CA:true,pathlen:0 crlDistributionPoints = URI:http://www.mustermann.de/ca/mustermann.crl nsCertType = sslCA,emailCA,objCA nsCaPolicyUrl = "http://www.mustermann.de/ca/policy.htm" nsCaRevocationUrl = "http://www.mustermann.de/ca/heimpold.crl" nsComment = "Mustermann CA"

    • The actual CA certificate is going to be created

openssl x509 -days 1095 -extfile ca.ext -signkey ca.key -in ca.csr -req -out ca.crt

      • The result is a self-signed CA certificate ca.crt

Creation Of A Server Certificate

  • The envisaged server certicate needs a public/private key

openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024

  • A config file server.conf needs to be prepared

[ req ] default_bits = 1024 distinguished_name = req_DN string_mask = nombstr

[ req_DN ] countryName = "1. Country Name (2 letter code)" countryName_default = DE countryName_min = 2 countryName_max = 2 stateOrProvinceName = "2. State or Province Name (full name) "

  1. stateOrProvinceName_default =

localityName = "3. Locality Name (eg, city) " localityName_default = Berlin 0.organizationName = "4. Organization Name (eg, company) " 0.organizationName_default = Mustermann organizationalUnitName = "5. Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) " organizationalUnitName_default = Server commonName = "6. Common Name (eg, CA name) " commonName_max = 64 commonName_default = www.mustermann.de emailAddress = "7. Email Address (eg, name@FQDN)" emailAddress_max = 40 emailAddress_default = webmaster@mustermann.de

  • Some certificate extensions can be specified in server.ext

extensions = x509v3

[ x509v3 ] nsCertType = server keyUsage = digitalSignature,nonRepudiation,keyEncipherment extendedKeyUsage = msSGC,nsSGC,serverAuth

  • A certificate serial number will be maintained in ca.serial

echo -ne '01' > ca.serial

    • Note: ca.serial will be auto-incremented on later invokations by openssl
  • The signing request for the server certificate is generated by

openssl req -config server.config -new -key server.key -out server.csr

  • The siging request is executed by

openssl x509 -days 730 -extfile server.ext -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAserial ca.serial -in server.csr -req -out server.crt

    • Note: Server.crt is signed by the CA from above.

Creation Of A Client Certificate

  • The envisaged server certicate needs a public/private key

openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024

  • client.config

[ req ] default_bits = 1024 distinguished_name = req_DN string_mask = nombstr

[ req_DN ] countryName = "1. Country Name (2 letter code)" countryName_default = DE countryName_min = 2 countryName_max = 2 stateOrProvinceName = "2. State or Province Name (full name) "

  1. stateOrProvinceName_default =

localityName = "3. Locality Name (eg, city) " localityName_default = Chemnitz 0.organizationName = "4. Organization Name (eg, company) " 0.organizationName_default = Mustermann organizationalUnitName = "5. Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) "

  1. organizationalUnitName_default =

commonName = "6. Common Name (eg, CA name) " commonName_max = 64 commonName_default = Max Mustermann emailAddress = "7. Email Address (eg, name@FQDN)" emailAddress_max = 40 emailAddress_default = max@mustermann.de

  • client.ext

extensions = x509v3

  • client.ext

extensions = x509v3

[ x509v3 ] nsCertType = client,email,objsign keyUsage = digitalSignature,nonRepudiation,keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment

  • Certificate signing request

openssl req -config client.config -new -key client.key -out client.csr

  • Actual client certificate

openssl x509 -days 730 -extfile client.ext -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAserial ca.serial -in client.csr -req -out client.crt

  • To deploy the client certificate on an innovaphone device, the key needs to be appended

cat client.crt client.key > client.crt

Notes