Howto:How to Connect to a VoIP Provider

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Revision as of 12:19, 28 August 2007 by Tac (talk | contribs) (→‎NAT problems)
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Work in progress!

Abstract

This document is intended to help you to connect your innovaphone PBX to a VoIP provider.

Gateway Interfaces

Most of the VoIP providers require a registration to make and receive calls. If no registration is required the VoIP provider needs to know your ip address in order to send calls to you.

  • Select a VOIP interface (Gateway/VOIP)
  • Give it a descriptive name (e.g. name of your VOIP provider)
  • Select the VOIP protocol (SIP/H.323)
  • Select interface type "Gateway without Registration" if registration is required. Select interface type "Register as Endpoint/Gateway" if registration is not required.

SIP provider

  • Enter the providers domain name in "Domain"
  • In case the domain name of the SIP provider cannot be resolved by DNS, you must enter the providers IP address into "Server Address"
  • For registration interfaces you must enter the registration ID into the "Alias List" (not required for interfaces without registration)
  • If authorization is required by the SIP provider, enter the username and password in the "Authorization" section. In most cases the authentication username is identical to the registration ID.

H.323 provider

To do ...

NAT problems

By default the Gateway is working in transit mode. This means RTP addresses are going to be exchanged between the communication endpoints. If calls are established between an internal endpoint (with private IP address) and the VoIP provider (with public IP address) the private RTP address of the internal endpoint will be passed-through to the VoIP provider. A VoIP provider cannot send to private RTP addresses!

A media relay mode has been implemented to get RTP working in this scenario. In media relay mode the Gateway does not forward private RTP addresses to the VoIP provider. It allocates local RTP ports instead and forwards RTP between the internal and the external endpoint.

If the Gateway itself does not have a public IP address (check your IP configuration), it will announce a private RTP address to the VoIP provider even in media relay mode. In this case you must use a STUN server to create NAT mappings at your local NAT router. Using a STUN server is not necessary if your Gateway has a public local IP address.

The Gateway and the PBX will automatically work in media relay mode on connections between private and non-private endpoints. You must declare all private IP addresses (Reference:Configuration/IP/Settings). If no private IP addresses are declared (default) all IP addresses will be interpreted as public (non-private) by the Gateway/PBX.

Diagnostics

Registration problems

To do ...

Signaling problems

To do ...

Media problems

Setup a call between an internal endpoint and the VoIP provider.
Check the call views of Gateway and PBX while the call is connected.
The Gateway should work in media relay mode.
The PBX should work in transit mode.

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